Robert Burns
 

 

The Old Exchange

Robert Burns
Holiday Cottage
in Castle Douglas, Scotland

 

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Robert Burns

Robert Burns lived an worked for most of his life in Dumfries and Galloway. He moved to Ellisland Farm (which is now and interesting place to visit) working the land. However, he was not in good health for a fair proportion of his life, so he got work as an excise man and moved into Dumfries town.

I work at the Tourist Board office in the whitesands in Dumfries and am next door to the house he lived in. There are many places to visit in Dumfries all related to his life - and eventual death (as he is buried here)

   
burnsRobert Burns is one of the most famous characters in Scottish Cultural History. His importance is immense, not only in terms of his fascinating story and his work……but as a living tradition, carried from generation to generation throughout the World. Everyone, everywhere, who joins in the celebration of Scotland, Scottish Heritage or Scottish Culture, will witness references to Robert Burns.

For many people who would like to understand the whole "Burns thing", the first few steps can often be daunting. Much of the material available on Burns assumes a certain starting point. For instance, most books on Burns assume that the reader has a basic understanding of Who he was, Where he was from, Why he had such an impact etc etc. As such, there is a vast gulf between books carrying a few scant paragraphs on the basic background, through to the more detailed biographies, which address the initiated or knowledgeable "Burnsian."

For many, (particularly our friends abroad) the first reading of any Burns Poem may well appear as if it has been written in an unknown foreign language! They can read the words and recognise much of it in Modern English,….. but there it becomes difficult! How can newcomers to Burns with no knowledge of the old Scots language possibly begin to interpret, and hence appreciate and enjoy, the great mans work? Of course, the final straw is the spoken word itself…now that I understand….how on earth do I pronounce the words!!

It is our view that many people can potentially be "turned off" when they first pick up a Burns book in the perception that the subject is cumbersome. 

The reality should be somewhat different! Robert Burns would be astonished at his fame today, but would be gravely disappointed that so many had access to his writings, yet could not understand his message ! ! 



Most will describe Burns as one of the worlds greatest Poets, but this description does not serve him well. He was much more than a great poet.
Robert Burns was born on 25th January 1759, in the tiny village of Alloway, Ayrshire, near to the town of Ayr on the West Coast of Scotland. 

His father William, was an extremely poor man and in 1750 had moved to the area in search of work, which he found at Doonholm market garden. (pronounced Doon-Home) 
William Burnes, (note the original spelling, pronounced Burn-iss & later changed by Robert Burns himself) was then granted a tenancy or lease over a small area of farmland which he worked whilst continuing in his position as Head Gardener at Doonholm. He met and married Agnes Broun, (pronounced Broon, the old Scots for Brown) a local girl, and built a small cottage at the farm. 
(The cottage, now renamed "Burns Cottage", still stands to this day and is a key focal point for Burnsians, tourists & visitors from all over the world) 

Robert Burns (often now referred to as "Rabbie") was born in this sparse little cottage, the eldest son of a poor peasant farmer. Life was extremely harsh and the farm was not succeeding. Even as a small child he was to work long hours with his father, and many evenings were spent huddled round the fire listening to his mother's stories and his father reading from the bible. 

The little cottage was twice extended to accommodate a growing family, (eventually 4 boys & 3 girls) but in 1765 William Burnes was granted a lease over the nearby farm at Mount Oliphant. Later, in 1777, the family finally moved a few miles to Lochlie farm (pronounced Lochlee) near Tarbolton.

William Burnes recognised the importance of Education and together with other friends, contracted the services of a local teacher, John Murdoch. At an early age, it was apparent to Murdoch that the young Robert showed the potential of a gifted scholar, ………but to what extent? 

For Robert, the combination of poverty, hard work on the farm, story telling, the influence of the Kirk (or Church), his studies, and a tremendous ability to observe life in general, was the making of The Man. He would develop a wicked sense of humour, a controversial frankness decrying hypocrisy, a tender & thoughtful creativity, an alleged thirst for drink, a deep Nationalist pride in his beloved Scotland, and an insatiable passion for Women. 

Burns died on 21st July, 1796 aged 37 at Dumfries in the South of Scotland. During his short life he would aspire to great things. After his death, he would become legendary, or as some would say, immortal. His immortality runs deep in the veins of all Scots, perhaps unknowingly, and he has evolved from mere man to being symbolic of all things Scottish. He is now one of the great cornerstones of modern Scottish History and the significance of his memory is celebrated throughout the world.
My favourite Burns poem
 

A Man's A Man for A' That.

     
 

Is there for honest poverty
That hings his head, an a' that?
The coward slave, we pass him by -
We dare be poor for a' that!
For a' that, an a' that,
Our toils obscure, an a' that,
The rank is but the guinea's stamp,
The man's the gowd for a' that.

What though on hamely fare we dine,
Wear hoddin grey, an a' that?
Gie fools their silks, and knaves their wine -
A man's a man for a' that.
For a' that, an a' that.
Their tinsel show, an a' that,
The honest man, tho e'er sae poor,
Is king o men for a' that.

Ye see you birkie ca'd 'a lord,'
What struts, an stares, an a' that?
Tho hundreds worship at his word,
He's but a cuif for a' that.
For a' that, an a' that,
His ribband, star, an a' that,
The man o independent mind,
He looks an laughs at a' that.

A prince can mak a belted knight,
A marquis, duke, an a' that!
But an honest man's aboon his might -
Guid faith, he mauna fa' that!
For a' that, an a' that,
Their dignities, an a' that,
The pith o sense an pride o worth.
Are higher rank than a' that.

Then let us pray that come it may
[As come it will for a' that],
That Sense and Worth o'er a' the earth,
Shall bear the gree an a' that.
For a' that, an a' that,
It's comin yet for a' that,
That man to man, the world, o'er
Shall brithers be for a' that.

   
   
  Timeline of Robert Burns in context of Scottish History
   
1745 The Jacobite Uprising attempts to restore a Stewart king to the British throne
 
1748 The Burnes(or Burness) family leave Kincardineshire - William to Edinburgh
 
1750 Burns' father moved to Alloway
 
1757 William Burnes marries Agnes Brown of Kirkoswald
 
1759 Robert Burns born in Alloway, 25 January
 
1760 Birth of Robert's brother Gilbert: other children follow
 
1766 The Burnes family move to Mount Oliphant, near Alloway
 
1772 James Murdoch employed to teach Burns
 
1776 The American War of Independence begins. The Burns family move to Lochlie farm
 
1777 William Burnes moved family to Lochlie
 
1780 Bachelors' Club formed
 
1781 Robert Burns becomes a Freemason. Burns moves to Irvine to learn the trade of flax-dressing
 
1784 Death of William Burnes. Robert moves his family to Mossgiel and changes the spelling of the family name to Burns; probably meets Jean Armour in this year
 
1785 Burns completes many of the poems for the Kilmarnock edition including The Cotter's Saturday Night
 
1786 The Kilmarnock edition of Burns' poems is published; Jean Armour gives birth to twins; death of Highland Mary; Burns goes to Edinburgh
 
1787 First Edinburgh edition of poems published by William Creech; first volume of the Scots Musical Museum (edited by Burns) published - five more follow
 
1788 Burns returns to Dumfriesshire and takes lease on Ellisland; marries Jean Armour
 
1789 Storming of the Bastille and the start of the French Revolution; Burns becomes an Exciseman
 
1791 Burns gives up Ellisland and moves his family to Dumfries (11 Bank Street)
 
1792 Burns promoted to Dumfries Port Division; on 29 February the smuggling ship Rosamond is seized
 
1793 The Burns family move to Mill Vennel, now 24 Burns Street; The Second Edinburgh edition of his poems published by William Creech - this includes Tam o'Shanter; Thomas Muir of Huntershill is sentenced to 14 years' transportation; King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette are executed in France
 
1794 Burns promoted to Supervisor; re-issue of the Second Edinburgh edition
 
1795 Burns joins the Royal Dumfries Volunteers; in September his daughter Elizabeth dies and Burns becomes gravely ill with rheumatic fever
 
1796 Meal Riots in Dumfries; Burns continues to work until June in rapidly deteriorating health; on 3 July goes to Brow on Solway on medical advice but fails to revive; dies in Dumfries on 21 July
 
1817 On the night of 19 September, Burns' remains moved to the Mausoleum in St Michael's Kirkyard from their original resting-place
 
1834 Death of Jean Armour, who is buried beside Burns in the Mausoleum
 
   
The Old Exchange holiday accommodation, Castle Douglas, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. DG7 1TJ. - Tel. 01556 504954 e-mail mail@theoldexchange.com

 

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Robert Burns in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland